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By name, I know how only one place Song of Solomon ch 5 verse 16

If you talk about prophecy wise then several times in the Old Testament or in the New Testament the Bible talks about the prophet Muhammad

for example, gospel of John chapter 16, verse 12 to 14

Anyone who browses the Quran would feel curious that almost always – some 22 times – it refers to the mountains as pegs. For, peg is something that goes into the ground. A ten’s pegs are more inside the ground than outside.

Refering to the massive rocks proudly standing on the surface of the earth as pegs does not seem to be appropriate; and the curiousness remained right until the modern times when the geologists, armed with advanced technology, and equipped with modern research tools discovered in the 1960s that to refer to the mountains as pegs is scientifically a perfect way of reference. No other term can be used so accurately. To pick up one instance, the Quan said:

Taking the shape of an inverted pyramid below the surface of the earth, mountains are more inside the earth than outside, the inner penetration being – peg-like – almost two-thirds of the outer elevation.

Not only the description of mountains as pegs is noticeable in the Qur’an, but also the fact that they have always been referred to in the plural. Never did the Qur’an, in its several citations, use the word in singular in this context. It always used the word in plural: mountains.

This is another accuracy that we notice in the Qur’an as we know that to ordinary observation mountains do not occur singly. They seem to occur as a series of mountains, or as groups where a tall one is hemmed by smaller ones around it, even if some may protrude by a few meters only.

Another point of note, as mentioned in passing earlier, is that although the curiosity remains until this day, the Qur’an – as in the above quote – speaks of the mountains as having been driven in from above. Says another verse:

Modern understanding is that the earth has several layers starting from its surface to its core. The surface layer, some 100 km thick, is referred to as the upper crust (or, roughly, lithosphere). This crust consists of some 40 pieces of broken plates. They are called tectonic plates which are composed of both oceanic as well as continental crust. Of these plates, seven are major ones on which the main continents rest.

It is suggested that the mountains appear as the result of shifts of the plates which when they plunge into each other, cause earthquakes and blow out lava that form the mountains; or just cause a protrusion that, with erosion over millions of years acquire the pyramidal shape.

At all events, the Qur’an maintains that the mountains were placed/pitched from the top. And the idea does not sound outlandish to science. After all, if iron could come from space, and in such huge quantities, then, why not rocks of great dimensions? This is something for science to investigate. The Qur’an cannot be wrong. Another verse of the Quran is specific about the mountains being brought from above:

an early commentator of the Quian, Zamakhshari of the 12h century, expressed the idea that the mountains could have roots. He wrote,

Ifyou asked, What’s the point in saying “from above”, instead of the simple, “He placed therein mountains,

” as He said elsewhere

in the Qur’an, “And We placed therein tall pegs,” (T7: 27) or,

“We placed in the earth mountains,” (21: 31) or, “We placed for it pegs,” (27: 61), I would say, perhaps there are pillars below for the (the mountains) to rest on, or they have been fixed therein like nails.’

Thus, alhough the idea of mountains having roots has a scientific history of around half a century, Muslim scholars played with the idea 800 years earlier. How could they have thought on such lines and express such an outlandish idea at all? It was because they knew, not by faith and dogma, but by experimentations and experiences, that the Quan is a Word from God, uncorrupted and incorruptible.

The Quan has something else to say about the mountains, which is more amazing for the fact that science found it out in as late as 1960s.

It said,

In Kathir, a Qur’anic commentator who appeared seven hundred years ago, wrote,

(وَجَعَلْنَا فِيهَا رَوَاسِيَ شَافِحَاتٍ) يَعْنِي: الْجِبَالَ، أَرْسَى بِمَا الأَرْضَ لِقَلا

تَمَيدَ وَتَضْطَرِبَ

“That is, He pegged the earth with mountains so that it may not tremble and quiver.”

Today’s science explains that although the upper crust movement has been a constant feature of the earth, it was more rapid in the past. At present it is stabilized at 3-6 cm per year. Life wouldn’t have been comfortable if the plates had been moving at faster speed as in the past: buildings would have been collapsing at quite good pace. And the major cause of this reduction in movements of the plates is the mountains.

Anas, (a Companion of the Prophet), reported that the Messenger of Allah said, “When Allah created the earth, it began to quiver; it calmed down.”

so He created the mountains and placed them upon it, as a result

As for modern theories that clash with the Qur anic statements, we need 10 wait for further rescarch. It would be naive to believe that science has

made its final statements.

Are Ya’jooj and Ma’jooj humans?

I will recount one of the Prophet Muhammad’s hadiths, peace be upon him, from Sahih Bukhari 4741:

Allah orders you to take from among your offspring a mission for the (Hell) Fire.’ Adam will say, ‘O Lord! Who are the mission for the (Hell) Fire?’ Allah will say, ‘Out of each thousand, take out 999.’ At that time every pregnant female shall drop her load (have a miscarriage) and a child will have grey hair. And you shall see mankind as in a drunken state, yet not drunk, but severe will be the torment of Allah.” (When the Prophet Muhammad mentioned this), the people were so distressed (and afraid) that their faces got changed (in color) whereupon the Prophet Muhammad said, “From Gog and Magog nine-hundred ninety-nine will be taken out and one from you.”

That’s how we know they’re human and descended from Adam’s offspring. We also learned from this narration that there are a lot of them. They are so populous that, if we had to put it into a single calculation, it would be 999 versus 1 (999 ya’jooj and ma’jooj against one man).

Are Ya’jooj and Ma’jooj caucasians?

No, caucasions are not ya’jooj and ma’jooj. Here are some reasons:

1. First of all, the wall that is built would be broken down by Ya’jooj and Ma’jooj themselves, and nobody can cross it. As this hadith states this:

“Gog and Magog people dig every day until, when they can almost see the rays of the sun, the one in charge of them says: “Go back and we will dig it tomorrow.” Then Allah puts it back, stronger than it was before. (This will continue) until, when their time has come (The end of this world), and Allah wants to send them against the people, they will dig until they can almost see the rays of the sun, then the one who is in charge of them will say: “Go back, and we will dig it tomorrow if Allah wills.’ So they will say: “If Allah wills.” Then they will come back to it and it will be as they left it. So they will dig and will come out to the people, and they will drink all the water. The people will fortify themselves against them in their fortresses. They will shoot their arrows towards the sky and they will come back with blood on them, and they will say: “We have defeated the people of earth and dominated the people of heaven.” Then Allah will send a worm in the napes of their necks and will kill them thereby.’” The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “By the One in Whose Hand is my soul, the beasts of the earth will grow fat on their flesh.”

– Sunan Ibn Majah 4080

“until Gog and Magog are let loose, and begin swooping from every mound”

Who was Hazrat Zayd bin Haris رَضِیَ اللہُ عَنْہُ?

Hazrat Zayd bin Haris  was the forth Muslim and first slave to have accepted Islam after Prophet Muhammad’s first wife, Hazrat Khadija رَضِیَ اللہُ عَنْہُ, Prophet Muhammad’s cousin, Hazrat Ali رَضِیَ اللہُ عَنْہُ and Prophet Muhammad’s closest friend, Hazrat Abu Bakr رَضِیَ اللہُ عَنْہُ.

Who is the only sahabi whose name is mentioned in the Quran?

Hazrat Zayd bin Haris رَضِیَ اللہُ عَنْہُ he is the only companion of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) whos name is in the Holy Quran. The Quran says in Surah 33, Ayah 37:

“So when Zaid totally lost interest in ˹keeping˺ his wife, We gave her to you in marriage, so that there would be no blame on the believers for marrying the ex-wives of their adopted sons after their divorce. And Allah’s command is totally binding.”

The children of Hazrat Ishaq are called as  Bani-Isra’il. It is an Arabic term. From Prophet Ishaq, the tribe of Bani Isra’iloriginated. Prophet Ishaq had a son named Prophet Yaakob. According to the Quran (Surah Yusuf: 4), Prophet Yaakob had 12 sons. The 12 sons of Prophet Yaakob gave birth to 12 tribes of Bani Isra’il.

˹Remember˺ when Joseph said to his father, “O my dear father! Indeed I dreamt of eleven stars, and the sun, and the moon—I saw them prostrating to me!”

(Surah Yusuf: 4)